Sneak a peak Eighty Starlight, a font with a futuristic and experimental concept created with a strong and charismatic character. following the current trend design style. Eighty Starlight is made experimentally following a futuristic style recipe with alternate characters made with inktrap and display that makes this font more stylish and varied. Eighty Starlight is a variable font that has 9 weights from thin to black. also includes alternates that are more varied with variables. Eighty Starlight is a versatile font system, designed primarily for display uses with a need of visual impact. Variable : Thin & Italic Light & Italic ExtraLight & Italic Regular & Italic Medium & Italic SemiBold & Italic Bold & Italic ExtraBold & Italic Black & Italic Feature : Alternate Character Ligature Discretionary Ligature Multilingual Support Numeral & Puctuation etc Wish you enjoy our font and if you have a question, don't hesitate to drop message & I'm happy to help.

Tomi Haaparanta got the idea for the Tyke typeface family after using Cooper Black for a design project. He liked Cooper's chubby design, but longed for a wider range of weights. “I wanted a typeface that was cuddly and friendly,” recalls Haaparanta, “but also one that was readable at text sizes.” He started tinkering with the idea, and Tyke began to emerge. Even though Haaparanta knew his boldest weight would equal the heft of Cooper Black, he began drawing the Tyke family with the medium. His goal was to refine the characteristics of the design at this moderate weight, and then build on it to create the light and bold extremes. Haaparanta got the spark to design type in 1990, when he attended a workshop held by Phil Baines at the National College of Art and Design in Dublin. “I've been working and playing with type ever since,” Haaparanta recalls. He released his first commercial font in 1996, while working as an Art Director in Helsinki. After about two dozen more releases, he founded his own type studio, Suomi Type Foundry, early in 2004. At five weights plus corresponding italics, Tyke easily fulfills Haaparanta's goal of creating a wide range of distinctive, completely usable designs. The light through bold weights perform well at both large and small sizes, while the Black is an outstanding alternative to Cooper for display copy.

Malou Verlomme’s Madera is a typeface made strictly for graphic designers, created as an indispensable type toolbox that can meet the needs of both print and digital environments. Verlomme has drawn on his extensive experience creating bespoke type for major brands, and Madera is a “typographic synthesis” of this work. Although designed as a restrained sans serif, the typeface has some punchy personality – with sharpened apexes that inject flavour into the design, particularly in the darker weights and when set at all caps. Madera sits alongside fellow geometric designs such as Proxima Nova, Gotham or Avenir, offering a straight-talking tone of voice but with some extra bite. If you’re a large corporation, with a typeface being used in many different environments you want something that's just the right balance of visibility and legibility to sustain an extensive amount of communication.” “The design is very solid but it doesn’t go out of its way to attract attention,” explains Verlomme. “It still has a fair amount of warmth and personality, in a very understated manner. The Madera typeface family has 32 fonts: Upright, Condensed and Italics. It is available in OpenType CFF and TTF fonts formats. Each typeface contains over 650 glyphs with extensive Western, Central and Eastern European language support. It also supports OpenType typographic features like alternatives, ligatures and fractions. Madera Variables are font files which are featuring two axis and have a preset instance from Hairline to Extra Black.

Martin Wilke’s underrated yet influential deco classic from 1932 has both feet firmly planted in the high traditions of Western European calligraphy while carefully and subtly introducing some traits from the sweeping geometric/minimalist vision of the time. In a way, it was one of the representatives of the European anti-type typefaces of that era, when print media was searching for the elusive aesthetic balance between humanism and geometry. This typeface enjoyed some popularity in Germany for a few years, and went on to influence further type designs in Holland and Italy. After the second World War, the black hole that swallowed a big chunk of Europe’s print culture, new influences and technologies overtook the scene, and selective historical emphasis ensued, highlighting some of the era’s designs and overlooking others. Further selective picking in the digital era all but buried Wilke’s body of work - unfairly so, because he was just as important in German type history as Bernhard, Post, Schneidler, Tiemann and Trump. The original metal Wilke Kursiv came in one weight. This digital version goes a long way in expanding on that original offering. Now Wilke’s masterpiece comes in three weights, and with a full Pro treatment including swash caps, small capitals, five types of figures, automatic fractions, and plenty of other OpenType niceties. Each of the Wilke Kursiv Pro fonts comes with over 700 characters, and contains support for most Latin-based languages. Also available are three non-Pro fonts in each weight.

Originally drawn in 1985, Jovica Veljović had intended to add a few kerning pairs and make some minor refinements to the letterforms. However, his work lead him to take a fresh look at the family. Veljović recalls, … I soon realized that some characters could benefit by more refined shapes and proportions. By the time I was done, I had worked on just about every character in the original design." In fact the end result is two systems: one optimized for extended texts; the other for display settings. The original elegance of the design is not lost, but the new design brings with it letterforms that are altogether more harmonious and balanced. The roman is dynamic and spirited, just oozing character. The italic by contrast is a little more restrained, but nonetheless an elegant and fitting accompaniment. The text-optimized fonts come with a generous x-height, and slightly less contrast; though its marginally wider proportions let in the light, making it very legible even at small sizes. ITC New Esprit ® is a versatile family, brought to you in four weights from regular to black. OpenType features like small caps, alternates, and a broad character set make this a welcome addition to everyone's font library. Whether you want elegant and legible text, or dynamic and personable headlines, then you'll want to click through to see more of ITC New Esprit. "

The rounded forms found in Chennai have proven to be one of insigne's more popular designs for web-based company logotypes. Now, insigne's new superfamily Madurai takes its popular predecessor to a new level, offering a wide range of complementary fonts. Madurai removes Chennai's rounded stems and then adjusts the character width to account for its reduction in geometry, resulting in a balanced sans-serif face with humanist touches that works well for extended text. The Madurai family has a full range of six weights from thin to black and includes Condensed and extended options for a total of 36 fonts. All members of the Madurai series include a wide variety of OpenType alternates. Madurai is equipped for complex professional typography, including alternates, small caps and plenty of alts, including "normalized" capitals and lowercase letters that include stems. The face also has a number of numeral sets, including fractions, old-style and lining figures with superiors and inferiors. OpenType-capable applications such as Quark or the Adobe suite can take full advantage of automatically replacing ligatures and alternates. You can find these features demonstrated in the .pdf brochure. Madurai also includes the glyphs to support a wide range of languages, including Central, Eastern and Western European languages. In all, Madurai supports over 40 languages that use the extended Latin script, making the new addition a great choice for multi-lingual publications and packaging. For your next project, explore the fantastic potential of Madurai.

FS Rosa is a free-spirited and optimistic serif typeface – reminiscent of those used on fanzines, film sequences and book covers of the 1970s, such as Cooper and Windsor, it has a laid-back nature with a touch of rebellion. It also reminds of type used in colourful protest graphics by nun-turned-designer Corita Kent, and its personality is akin with brands like Whole Foods - positive rather than preachy. While unconventional, it’s sensible enough to work perfectly for socially conscious brands, magazines, websites and campaigns that want a fairer and more responsible world. Hand-drawn digitally, FS Rosa is warm and open-minded – its irregular letterforms are rounded, with soft terminals, a large x-height and wide apertures. But it is also quirky and eclectic, with irregular shapes – its short ascenders and descenders have slanted serifs, its uppercase forms have unusually low crossbars and the letters are filled with oddities and surprises. The typeface looks to stand out against a sea of homogenous, geometric sans serifs, and celebrates beauty through imperfection. It comes in five weights of Thin, Light, Regular, Bold and Black. The heavier weights make an impact and are great for loud, headline statements. The Regular weight is functional, balanced and robust for text, and the lighter weights have an elegance and contemporary beauty. FS Rosa is eclectic yet with its soft roundness, also positive and progressive. Its name, inspired by the phrase “rose-tinted glasses”, reflects its optimism.

Please note! If you need OTF versions of the fonts, just email us at commercial@typetype.org TT Rationalist useful links: Specimen | Graphic presentation | Customization options We thought, "What if we provide the user with a collection of matching fonts, each of which would still be unique?"—and so we started developing TT Rationalist. For those familiar with the bestsellers TT Norms® Pro and TT Commons Pro, the new font will be intuitive to use. It has similar proportions, characteristics and functionality, but yet it is an independent and original font family. Unlike the geometric sans serifs TT Norms® Pro and TT Commons Pro, TT Rationalist is a slab serif typeface. It is functional and original. Slabs are characterized by massive rectangular serifs, but in TT Rationalist they are trapezoidal and refined, which makes them look modern. Speaking of modernity, when creating the typeface, we wanted to avoid the excessive historicism that can be seen in many slab serif fonts. We have been particularly careful working on the Black style, which in the first sketches had something in common with the Wild West posters. When we balanced out the excessive contrast caused by visual compensation, the font stopped evoking retro associations. Now TT Rationalist Black is perfect for headlines, especially on posters and posters, and works great with Light styles in TT Norms® Pro and TT Commons Pro. The new typeface works well for both headings and text arrays. It looks especially aesthetically pleasing in printed production (books, magazines, brochures). The TT Rationalist typeface consists of 22 two styles: 10 upright, 10 real Italics and two variable fonts, each with over 950 glyphs. It supports over 200 languages and contains 27 OpenType features. In addition to the standard ones, there are Small Capitals for Latin and Cyrillic languages, alternative versions of the ampersand and the letter g. The italics have two stylistic sets allowing to switch the design of style-forming characters (k, v, w, y, z) between italic and classical forms. TT Rationalist font field guide including best practices, font pairings and alternatives. FOLLOW US: Instagram | Facebook | Website

Carnero™ is a feisty hybrid of precise geometry and calligraphic flair; a design that walks that fine line between being sensible and a standout. In an increasingly monotone typographic landscape – Carnero has a unique pulse that moves the reader along with a new energy. Carnero gives life to simple utility with kinetic letter shapes, open apertures, and generous counters Drawn by Steve Matteson for the Monotype Studio, Carnero’s versatility is its strength. From digital ads and applications to packaging and branding, Carnero is comfortable and contemporary. The lightest and boldest weights create inviting headlines, while the middle weights read well for body copy. Used together, they build a lively brand and a clear hierarchy. Matteson infused Carnero with a modernist exterior resting on a 10th century calligraphic foundation. Delightful flourishes on the capital R and K, and lowercase a, k and l, give the design a distinctive demeanor; while the alternate italic swash caps are a saucy nod to the scribes. The result is a design that is warm, approachable – and a bit lighthearted. Matteson describes Carnero as, “transcending the static posture of the geometric sans genre.” The Carnero family is a compact collection of six distinct weights, ranging from an engaging light to an authoritative black, each with an italic counterpart. Its extended Latin character set ensures worry-free localization for eastern/western European languages. This is a design that will prove its value many times over. Matteson has drawn over 80 distinctive typeface families for major corporations, branding firms and retail sales. His passions for the outdoors and performing music balances an intense focus on work – and subtly finds its way into typefaces like Carnero. Matteson has designed custom fonts for three generations of the Microsoft Xbox® game console, the original core fonts for the Android® mobile-phone platform, in addition to branding typefaces for Toyota®, Rocket Mortgage®, and Google®. He also drew the Kootenay™ family, Monotype’s proprietary branding typeface. Matteson’s retail designs range from the elegant and utilitarian Open Serif™ (a companion to Google’s Open Sans), to a growing series of Frederic Goudy revivals. Carnero Variables are font files which are featuring one axis and have a preset instance from Light to Black.

Carnero™ is a feisty hybrid of precise geometry and calligraphic flair; a design that walks that fine line between being sensible and a standout. In an increasingly monotone typographic landscape – Carnero has a unique pulse that moves the reader along with a new energy. Carnero gives life to simple utility with kinetic letter shapes, open apertures, and generous counters. Drawn by Steve Matteson for the Monotype Studio, Carnero’s versatility is its strength. From digital ads and applications to packaging and branding, Carnero is comfortable and contemporary. The lightest and boldest weights create inviting headlines, while the middle weights read well for body copy. Used together, they build a lively brand and a clear hierarchy. Matteson infused Carnero with a modernist exterior resting on a 10th century calligraphic foundation. Delightful flourishes on the capital R and K, and lowercase a, k and l, give the design a distinctive demeanor; while the alternate italic swash caps are a saucy nod to the scribes. The result is a design that is warm, approachable – and a bit lighthearted. Matteson describes Carnero as, “transcending the static posture of the geometric sans genre.” The Carnero family is a compact collection of six distinct weights, ranging from an engaging light to an authoritative black, each with an italic counterpart. Its extended Latin character set ensures worry-free localization for eastern/western European languages. This is a design that will prove its value many times over. Matteson has drawn over 80 distinctive typeface families for major corporations, branding firms and retail sales. His passions for the outdoors and performing music balances an intense focus on work – and subtly finds its way into typefaces like Carnero. Matteson has designed custom fonts for three generations of the Microsoft Xbox® game console, the original core fonts for the Android® mobile-phone platform, in addition to branding typefaces for Toyota®, Rocket Mortgage®, and Google®. He also drew the Kootenay™ family, Monotype’s proprietary branding typeface. Matteson’s retail designs range from the elegant and utilitarian Open Serif™ (a companion to Google’s Open Sans), to a growing series of Frederic Goudy revivals. Carnero Variables are font files which are featuring one axis and have a preset instance from Light to Black.

Ignazio is a powerfull sans serif font family with modern touches. A balance of hard lines and smooth curve makes them able to stand on their own dynamically Ignazio includes all-caps fonts Features - Support for MAC or PC - Simple installation for Adobe Illustrator, Corel Draw, Photoshop, or Procreate (New Updated) - Support Multi-language Ignazio works great in any branding, logos, magazines, films. The different styles give you a full range to explore a whole host of applications.

Shields is a unique and versatile typeface that can be used for a variety of applications, from branding to editorial design. Its bold and modern look makes it a great choice for titles and headlines. Its letterforms have been carefully crafted to ensure a consistent look across all sizes, while its open counters provide a unique, yet subtle touch. With its refined details and balanced shapes, Shields is the perfect typeface to create an eye-catching presence.

A new modern classic. Kana Sans is a versatile sans serif font family that’s ideal for building a contemporary yet timeless brand look. Inspired by iconic typography, Kana Sans is designed to be balanced, modern and easily adaptable to web, print, and signage applications. From fashion to corporate industry, this font gives the designer full flexibility to express his/her vision. With Six different weights and matching italics, Kana Sans is a powerful communication tool for today.

Rickslord is an uppercase display font that transports you back in the early 20th century. Some characters show high contrast between thick and thin strokes, creating a dramatic visual impact, while others maintain a more consistent weight for a balanced appearance. This blend of contrasts adds an unexpected dynamic quality to the text, making every word a work of art. Beautiful ornaments are included as a bonus. Rickslord fits in headlines, logos, branding materials, and many more.

M Ellan HK is a soft yet robust typeface that strikes an appropriate balance between vertical and horizontal strokes (豎、橫). Finials of strokes are sharp but gentle, alluding to the appeal of calligraphy. It is elegant as well as contemporary. M Ellan Light features similar thickness in vertical and horizontal strokes (豎、橫) that together make it lucid and appealing, while thickness of strokes in M Ellan Bold are accordingly adjusted to maintain its friendly and graceful character.

Introducing Naturaliya; An monoline script font! Naturaliya is a hand-drawn monoline script font that showcases beauty and balance in flawless writing. It's the perfect choice for stylish branding & logo projects, product packaging, handwritten quotes, editorial design, and more. What's Included: Naturaliya comes with a single font file that includes uppercase, lowercase, numbers, punctuation, and multilingual support. That's it! I hope you enjoy it. You can also say hello to me on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/atharuah_ Thank You!

Fonzie redefining versatility. With four charming styles seamlessly blended together, it offers the perfect balance between tradition and innovation. Fonzie's basic style embodies timeless elegance with a Space-saving Condensed form with a modern twist. The SS01 explores futuristic aesthetics with a geometric style, or embraces the sophistication and form of the Extended with the SS02 features, and for the SS03 it is added for those of you who like the extreme extended style that is now a trend.

Introducing Mayaglyph, a modern typeface inspired by the hieroglyphics left behind by the Ancient Mayan civilization. Every character in Mayaglyph is manually created with hand-drawn markings for consistency and balanced visuals, including diacritic marks, symbols, and more! Each character in Mayaglyph is distinctly imperfect in its own way, just as if it was taken right off an ancient stone. Also included is a 'solid' background version, which is ideal for creating beautiful multi-layer designs.

Introducing Fubiox our exquisite elegant style font, designed to bring sophistication and grace to your designs. With its refined letterforms, delicate curves, and timeless beauty, this font is perfect for projects that require a touch of elegance and class. Inspired by the elegance of classic typography. This font exudes a sense of refined aesthetics. Its graceful strokes and balanced proportions make it an excellent choice for luxury branding, high-end invitations, editorial design, and formal occasions.

Chank created Zsazsa Galore as a fresh alternative to Mister Frisky, another jerky, hypercaffeinated interpretation of the traditional roman alphabet. The difference this time is that the new font has no descenders. Every letter comes to rest hard on the baseline. It sits there firmly rooted with branches wiggling around in the air. It was released as the Chank Font of the Month in October 1999 and it was named after Zsa Zsa Gabor because she is beautiful.

Neo Phalanx is a rectangular, circular & curvy modern display sans inspired by Ancient Greek mass military formation. The difficulty of make this font is balancing rounded corner & sharp edge. There are letters like "M W A H R N K S Z" provides a unique personality in the title display. Numbering and punctuations also designed in unique styles to deliver different visual language. This font is suited for variety of applications from poster to branding, advertising, digital.

Jaroslav is a typeface that breaks down typical assumptions on the construction of a monolinear grotesque, but still maintains excellent readability and the recognizability of individual characters. The sensitively-balanced type family of five weights is accompanied by a distinctive italic, so it works well with both expressive titles as well as shorter texts. This is why all weights include small caps, nine types of figures, alternatives, a large number of ligatures, arrows and other ornaments.

The roundness of fresh Dewey leaves, the bending branches of canopy trees and the curvy luscious greens of dense forests; are all the things that inspire this clean display font. Its effortless and natural aesthetic makes it perfect for organic and luxurious brands. The strokes have a great contrast to give it a beautiful end to a long journey. The easy and elegant flow of the font brings one back right into the comforting arms of nature.

dear darling is a lovely and romantic handwritten font with a monogram. It has beautiful and well-balanced characters and as a result, it matches a wide pool of designs. Add it to your most creative ideas and notice how it makes them come alive! This font is PUA encoded which means you can access all of the amazing glyphs and swashes with ease! It also features a wealth of special features including alternate glyphs and ligatures.

CoreGungseo is a Korean calligraphy font. We considered the change of stroke thickness and the power & speed of brushes when designing this calligraphy font. This font has the beauty of spaces by proper balance among individual letter forms. Both horizontal and vertical writing are acceptable to use. Supported codepages are MS Windows 1252 Latin1 and MS Windows 949 Korean consisting of 11,172 Korean letters and Symbols except Chinese. We suggest to use for books, cards, displays and so on.

Vector is inspired by the 1979 Atari Asteroids video game UI screen font, yet it has been completely reworked to achieve a more balanced and refined visual aesthetic, loosely adhering to the original source. Letterform widths, angles, metrics and kerning are thorougly tweaked throughout in an effort to recreate a modern classic anew and extend it's functionality. Stylistically, Vector accurately reflects it's name, exuding a uniform sense of flatness and rectangular geometry defined by it's retro-modernist origins.

Kasepi Sans Display Typeface is a font that combines a modern style with a classic touch. With bold lines and balanced proportions, this font gives off an attractive and classy impression. Great for use in titles, headers and headline designs that need a strong visual appeal. This font style is a font that combines strength, clarity, and elegance. With its modern style and classic touch, it is ready to give your design an attractive and classy impression.

Oille Moon is a sophisticated and elegant typeface that blends classic serifs with modern refinement. With its timeless beauty and versatile design. Oille Moon is perfect for adding a touch of distinction to your typography projects, from editorial design to branding and more. Its carefully crafted letterforms, tapered serifs, and balanced spacing make it a refined choice for those seeking a touch of elegance in their designs. Elevate your typography with Oille Moon and let its timeless appeal shine.

Central Vintage - Display Font is a striking font that seamlessly blends the boldness of a display style with the groovy charm of vintage aesthetics. This font exudes a perfect balance of retro nostalgia and modern appeal, making it a versatile choice for a variety of design projects. With its bold and groovy serif style, Central Vintage is ideal for logos, quotes, posters, titles, product branding, invitation cards, printing materials, and any design that requires a bold and impactful font.

M Ellan HK is a soft yet robust typeface that strikes an appropriate balance between vertical and horizontal strokes (豎、橫). Finials of strokes are sharp but gentle, alluding to the appeal of calligraphy. It is elegant as well as contemporary. M Ellan Light features similar thickness in vertical and horizontal strokes (豎、橫) that together make it lucid and appealing, while thickness of strokes in M Ellan Bold are accordingly adjusted to maintain its friendly and graceful character.

This slab serif font is inspired by European industrial, machine-made letters. It looks rational and geometric, but optically corrected and balanced. As the name says this font face is designed to be used by mostly for posters, headlines, visual identities and short texts. Font was created for Celebration of the 5 year anniversary of Design Studio Box from the city of Kragujevac (KG), the industrial city of Serbia. Posterizer KG contains all the Latin and Cyrillic glyphs.

This innovative styled Mosaic font was created to suit various design applications within the typeface market and is aimed at people looking for a modern styled brush script typeface that doesn't fit in with the regular trends of script fonts. Designed and produced by Paul O'Connell of POCT, it is a slick and light hearted script typeface that reflects many irregularities, but still manages to retain a very balanced and modern feel with just a touch of fun too.

Bestfriend Signature is a beautiful handwritten font that radiates stylish and sophisticated vibes, featuring smooth and flowing strokes with 250 ligatures that perfectly mimic human touch. The elegant and smooth letter shapes are well-balanced, creating a harmonious and charming design. This font is perfect for adding an elegant touch to any type of design project that requires a natural handwriting feel What's Included : 250 Opentype Ligatures & 200+ Multilingual glyphs PUA Encoded Characters - Fully accessible without additional design software.

Geria is a hand drawn sans serif in four weights. Despite being rough and organic, Geria retains the basic structure and shape of a readable sans serif. The result is a functional typographic tool with a lot of personality. The family comes in four carefully balanced weights that offer a lot of contrast from the delicate Light to the punchy Heavy weight. Geria is perfect for display use in branding, packaging, editorial design, posters and advertising.

Mr. Dj Signature is a script typeface specially designed for signature fonts. With a balanced thickness, it is also suitable for various lettering purposes, such as greeting cards, invitations, branding, crafts, wedding decorations, even looks good for text. Mr. Dj Signature comes in two variants, regular appearing like calligraphy and monoline with the same line thickness. both are equipped with several ligatures, alternates and 3 signature swashes placed under the underline character (_) . Happy designing with Mr. Dj Signature.

Ideal is a neo-grotesk typeface characterized by exaggerated pro­portions and an un­­con­ventional shift in balance such as in its a, k or s. Following low-contrast construction principles and with a generous x-height, Ideal works well both for expressive headlines and versatile reading sizes. The family consists of ten weights plus corres­ponding Italics. It supports languages written with Latin, Cyrillic or Greek alphabets. Each font includes fractions, tabular and oldsytle figures, arrows, ligatures and more.

The Old Times American Family is derived from several letterpress books from the 1880s in the midwest. The fonts were painstakingly compiled from over 100 pages of text and optically balanced for optimum results. Old Times American is part of the Grit History Series A font set. The set encompasses serif and sans-serif fonts in varying weights to meet the needs of designers. The less-than-perfect letterforms evoke a sense of the non-digital.

Introducing Springrood Font, This Font is carefully crafted and balanced on script typefaces with a unique Retro style. Also with Extrude Version. You can use them as logos, badges, emblems, packaging, titles, posters, t-shirts, greeting cards, wedding invitations, etc. Alternative characters in this font are divided into several OpenType features such as Stylistic Alternates, Stylistic Sets, and Ligatures. OpenType features can be accessed using OpenType programs such as Adobe Illustrator, Adobe Photoshop, and Adobe InDesign.

The script typeface named Fineprint is based on its designer's own handwriting, or at least as Steve Matteson saw his handwriting on a really good day. Unlike many digitizations of handwriting, Fineprint maintains a consistent harmony and balance across its letters in a line of text. The Fineprint family includes a number of swash and alternate letterforms, which helps pull this quirky personal nature off. Use Fineprint whenever you want to make something appear personal, friendly, or informal!

Lineare Serif is an attempt at solving the difficult problem of creating readable text type, seeking new ways to provide readers with some pleasure and rest as they walk along each line, creating a space where there is harmony between man and the printed form. Asymmetric serifs both in their height and width, medium contrast in the stroke, and balanced upward and downward movements make “Lineare Serif” a typeface featuring both attitude and aptitude for editorial purposes.